Winterizing your lawn mower is crucial for its longevity and performance. This guide provides a step-by-step process to prepare your mower for the cold months, including fuel stabilization, cleaning, and proper storage. Following these steps will ensure your mower starts reliably next spring, saving you time and hassle.
As the leaves change color and the air grows crisp, it’s time to think about putting your lawn mower away for the season. But simply shoving it into the garage and forgetting about it until spring isn’t the best approach. Proper winterization is key to ensuring your lawn mower starts up easily and runs smoothly when the grass begins to grow again.
This guide will walk you through everything you need to know to winterize your lawn mower effectively. We’ll cover essential steps like fuel stabilization, thorough cleaning, oil changes, and optimal storage. By the end of this guide, you’ll be confident in your ability to protect your investment and be ready for a hassle-free mowing season next year.
Key Takeaways
- Stabilize the Fuel System: Add fuel stabilizer to a nearly empty tank and run the engine to circulate it, preventing fuel degradation and carburetor gumming.
- Clean the Mower Thoroughly: Remove all grass clippings, dirt, and debris from the deck, engine, and wheels to prevent rust and corrosion.
- Change the Oil: Old oil contains contaminants that can damage the engine over time. Changing it before storage is a vital maintenance step.
- Service the Air Filter: A clean air filter ensures proper airflow. Clean or replace it to protect the engine from dust and debris during storage.
- Inspect and Sharpen the Blade: A sharp blade cuts efficiently. Inspect for damage, sharpen if needed, and consider applying a rust inhibitor.
- Prepare the Battery (if applicable): For electric start mowers, disconnect the battery, clean terminals, and store it in a cool, dry place, ideally on a trickle charger.
- Store Properly: Choose a dry, protected location and elevate the mower slightly if possible to prevent moisture damage.
Why Winterize Your Lawn Mower?
Think of winterizing your lawn mower as giving it a protective spa treatment before a long winter’s nap. If you skip this crucial step, you might face a few unpleasant surprises come springtime.
One of the biggest culprits of mower problems after winter is stale fuel. Gasoline can degrade over time, especially when left in the tank. This degradation can lead to gumming up the fuel lines and carburetor, making it difficult or even impossible to start your mower. You might find yourself dealing with a clogged carburetor, which is a common issue when mowers sit idle with old fuel. For more in-depth help on this, you can explore resources on how to clean a lawn mower carburetor without removing it.
Beyond fuel issues, moisture and debris can wreak havoc. Grass clippings left on the deck can trap moisture, leading to rust and corrosion. Dirt and grime can clog filters and moving parts, reducing efficiency and potentially causing damage. A well-winterized mower is a happy mower, ready to tackle the lawn with vigor when the season returns.
Gather Your Supplies
Before you start, gather all the necessary tools and supplies. Having everything on hand will make the process smoother and more efficient.
Here’s a list of common items you’ll need:
- Fuel stabilizer
- Fresh gasoline (if you need to refill the tank)
- Oil drain pan
- Funnel
- New engine oil (check your owner’s manual for the correct type and amount)
- Oil filter (if your mower has one)
- Wrench or socket set (to remove spark plug, drain plug, etc.)
- Spark plug wrench
- New spark plug (optional, but good practice)
- Air filter cleaner or compressed air
- Blade sharpening tool or file
- Wire brush or putty knife
- Garden hose or pressure washer (use with caution)
- Clean rags or shop towels
- Gloves
- Safety glasses
- Lubricant or spray oil (like WD-40)
- Battery charger/tender (for electric start models)
Step-by-Step Lawn Mower Winterization
Let’s get down to business. Follow these steps carefully for optimal lawn mower winterization.
Step 1: Stabilize the Fuel System
This is arguably the most critical step in winterizing your lawn mower. Stabilizing the fuel prevents it from degrading and causing issues in the carburetor and fuel lines.
Add Fuel Stabilizer
First, ensure you have enough fuel in the tank to properly mix with the stabilizer. Ideally, you want to fill the tank almost completely, leaving a little room at the top.
Consult the instructions on your fuel stabilizer product for the correct mixing ratio. Add the recommended amount of fuel stabilizer to the gas tank. Don’t overdo it; too much stabilizer can also cause problems.
Run the Engine
Start the mower and let it run for about 5 to 10 minutes. This crucial step circulates the stabilized fuel throughout the entire fuel system, including the carburetor. If you don’t run the engine, the stabilizer will only sit at the bottom of the tank, leaving the carburetor unprotected.
Tip: If your mower has a separate gas can for priming, add a small amount of stabilized fuel to it and let the engine run until it completely empties the existing fuel from the tank before shutting it off. This ensures all old, unstabilized fuel is purged.
Empty the Fuel Tank (Optional but Recommended)
While running the engine with stabilized fuel is the primary goal, some people prefer to completely drain the fuel tank after stabilization. This can be done by carefully siphoning the fuel out into an approved container or by removing the fuel cap and tilting the mower (on its side with the carburetor facing up to avoid flooding it with oil) until the fuel drains. However, if you’ve thoroughly run the stabilized fuel through the system, this step might be considered optional by some.
Step 2: Clean the Lawn Mower
A clean mower is less likely to suffer from rust and corrosion. Get rid of all the grass clippings and dirt.
Clean the Deck
Turn the mower on its side, ensuring the carburetor is facing upwards to prevent oil from leaking into it. Use a putty knife or stiff brush to scrape off any caked-on grass and debris from the underside of the deck. A pressure washer can be effective here, but use a low-pressure setting and avoid spraying water directly into the engine or electrical components.
Clean the Engine and Wheels
Wipe down the engine housing, wheels, and any other exterior parts with a damp cloth. Pay attention to cooling fins on the engine; blockages can lead to overheating. Remove any mud or debris from the wheels and wheel wells.
Dry Thoroughly
After cleaning, make sure all parts of the mower are thoroughly dry. You can use rags or allow it to air dry in a sunny spot. This is especially important for the metal parts to prevent rust.
Step 3: Change the Oil
Old engine oil contains contaminants that can damage the engine if left sitting for extended periods. Changing the oil before storage is a vital preventative maintenance task.
Warm Up the Engine
Start the mower and let it run for a few minutes to warm up the oil. Warm oil drains more easily.
Drain the Old Oil
Locate the oil drain plug, usually at the bottom of the engine. Place an oil drain pan underneath it. Carefully remove the drain plug with a wrench and let the old oil drain completely into the pan. Be cautious, as the oil may be hot.
Replace the Oil Filter (if applicable)
If your mower has an oil filter, remove the old one using an oil filter wrench. Lightly coat the rubber gasket of the new oil filter with a bit of fresh oil and screw it into place hand-tight, then give it about a quarter turn more. Check your owner’s manual for specific instructions.
Refill with New Oil
Once the old oil has drained, replace the drain plug securely. Using a funnel, add the correct type and amount of fresh engine oil as specified in your owner’s manual. Do not overfill. Check the oil level using the dipstick.
Step 4: Service the Air Filter
A clean air filter is essential for efficient engine operation. A dirty filter restricts airflow, making the engine work harder and potentially reducing power.
Remove the Air Filter
Locate the air filter housing, usually a plastic cover held in place by clips or screws. Remove the cover and carefully take out the air filter.
Clean or Replace
If your air filter is a paper type, you can often tap it gently against a hard surface to dislodge loose dirt. For a more thorough cleaning, use compressed air to blow dirt from the inside out. If the filter is heavily soiled, oily, or damaged, it’s best to replace it with a new one. Some air filters are washable and reusable; follow the manufacturer’s instructions for cleaning them.
Inspect the Air Filter Housing
Before reassembling, inspect the air filter housing for any debris or damage and clean it out if necessary.
Step 5: Inspect and Prepare the Blade
A sharp, well-maintained blade cuts grass cleanly, promoting a healthier lawn and reducing the strain on your mower’s engine.
Inspect the Blade
Carefully examine the mower blade for any signs of damage, such as cracks, bends, or significant wear. If the blade is damaged, it should be replaced.
Sharpen the Blade
If the blade is intact but dull, it’s time to sharpen it. You can do this with a metal file or a grinding wheel. Remember to maintain the original angle of the blade’s cutting edge. Always sharpen both sides to ensure balance. If you’re unsure or uncomfortable with this process, it’s best to have a professional do it.
Balance the Blade
After sharpening, it’s important to balance the blade. An unbalanced blade can cause excessive vibration, leading to premature wear on the engine and other components. You can use a blade balancer tool, or even a nail driven through the center hole, to check for balance. If one side is heavier, carefully file away a small amount of metal from the heavier side until it’s balanced.
Apply a Rust Inhibitor
Once the blade is clean and sharp, consider applying a light coating of lubricant or spray oil to prevent rust during storage. This is especially important if you live in a humid environment.
Step 6: Prepare the Battery (for Electric Start Mowers)
If your lawn mower has an electric start, you’ll need to take care of the battery.
Disconnect the Battery
Always disconnect the negative terminal first, then the positive terminal. This helps prevent accidental short circuits.
Clean the Terminals
Inspect the battery terminals for corrosion. If you see any white or bluish powder, clean them with a wire brush and a solution of baking soda and water. Rinse with clean water and dry thoroughly.
Charge and Store
It’s a good idea to fully charge the battery before storing it. Store the battery in a cool, dry place, away from extreme temperatures. For long-term storage, consider using a trickle charger or battery tender to maintain the battery’s charge and extend its lifespan. This helps prevent sulfation, which can permanently damage the battery.
Step 7: Lubricate Moving Parts
Lubricating key components can prevent rust and ensure smooth operation when you’re ready to use the mower again.
Identify Lubrication Points
Consult your owner’s manual to identify specific lubrication points. These often include pivot points for the steering (on riding mowers), control cables, and wheel bearings.
Apply Lubricant
Apply a light coating of grease or spray lubricant to these points. Avoid over-lubricating, as excess lubricant can attract dirt and debris.
Step 8: Store the Mower Properly
The final step is to store your lawn mower in a way that protects it from the elements.
Choose a Suitable Location
Find a dry, protected location for storage. A garage, shed, or covered patio is ideal. Avoid storing the mower directly on the ground, especially if the storage area might be damp. You can place it on a piece of plywood or use sawhorses to elevate it slightly.
Position the Mower
Store the mower upright. If it’s a walk-behind mower, avoid storing it on its side unless you’ve specifically drained all fluids and are sure no oil will leak into the carburetor or air intake.
Cover the Mower
Use a mower cover or a heavy-duty tarp to protect it from dust, dirt, and moisture. Ensure the cover is breathable to prevent condensation buildup.
Troubleshooting Common Winterization Issues
Even with the best intentions, you might encounter a few snags. Here are some common issues and how to address them.
What if I forgot to add fuel stabilizer?
If you discover you forgot to add fuel stabilizer, don’t panic. You can still add it now. However, it won’t retroactively stabilize the fuel that’s already degraded. You may need to drain the old fuel and refill with fresh, stabilized fuel in the spring. If you’re having trouble starting your mower in the spring due to fuel issues, you might need to look into how to clean a carburetor without removing it, or even a more in-depth carburetor cleaning, such as how to clean a Briggs and Stratton lawn mower carburetor if that’s your engine type.
My mower is extremely dirty, and I can’t get it clean.
For heavily soiled mowers, you might need more than just a brush. A garden hose with a spray nozzle can help dislodge stubborn dirt and grass. If you use a pressure washer, be extremely careful not to spray water directly at the engine, air intake, or electrical connections. Let the mower dry completely afterward.
The battery won’t hold a charge.
If your battery isn’t holding a charge, it might be nearing the end of its lifespan. Old batteries can lose their ability to maintain a charge, especially after a period of inactivity. Consider replacing it with a new one before the next mowing season.
Conclusion
Taking the time to properly winterize your lawn mower is an investment that pays dividends. By following these steps, you protect your mower from the harsh winter elements, prevent fuel-related problems, and ensure it’s ready to go when spring arrives. A well-maintained mower not only saves you money on repairs but also makes lawn care a much more pleasant experience. So, before you hang up your mower for the season, give it the care it deserves. Your future self, and your lawn, will thank you.